Viral hemorrhagic fever
This syndrome is extremely dangerous because of its nosocomial transmission to medical and laboratory staff and its acute downhill course. In Pakistan, the Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is commonly seen. The outbreaks are more common in Quetta and some other areas of Baluchistan, however, it may be found in other parts of the country as well.
The virus is transmitted by a tick, through direct exposure to the blood of an infected animal and from blood and sharps used on patients. Minimal laboratory tests should be done and the patient must be isolated and nursed with utmost care.
Ribavirin may be used for prophylaxis and treatment during the early course of the disease as no vaccine is available. The specimens must be dealt with as highly infectious and precautions should be taken accordingly. Conditions such as malaria, enteric fever and septicemia should be excluded. The specimens should be transported in a special double container with enough absorbent. They should be properly labeled and prior contact should be made with the testing laboratory before the delivery of the specimen(s).
